Russian Military Transport Aircraft - The Ilyushin Il-76 (Russian: Илью́шин Иль-76; NATO reporting name: Candid) is a multi-role turbofan strategic fighter aircraft designed by the Ilyushin Design Bureau of the Soviet Union. It was first designed in 1967 as a commercial cargo ship to replace the Antonov An-12. It was created to deploy heavy machinery to remote areas with poor service. The military version of the Il-76 is widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including as an aerial tanker or as a command post.
The Il-76 offers a wide range of commercial freight services for goods transported along slopes, especially for non-transportable bulk or heavy goods. They are also used as emergency aid transports to evacuate civilians, as well as for humanitarian aid and disaster relief around the world. It is also useful in undeveloped areas thanks to its ability to run from unpaved runways. Special models are also produced for aerial firefighting and zero-G training.
Russian Military Transport Aircraft
The aircraft was first developed by Ilyushin in 1967 to meet the requirements of a 40-tonne (88,000 lb) freighter with a range of 5,000 km (2,700 nmi; 3,100 mi) in less than six hours.
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And unscheduled flights capable of withstanding the worst weather conditions likely to occur in the Siberian and Arctic regions of the Soviet Union. Its purpose is to replace the Antonov An-12. Another planned version was the 250-passenger double-decker aircraft, but the project was cancelled. The Il-76 first flew in March 1971 (1971-03).
Production of the Il-76s was assigned to the Tashkt Aviation Production Association in Tashkt, Uzbekistan, a republic of the Soviet Union. 860 basic delivery variants were produced.
Designed (MF, TF) 20 m wide, 3.4 m (11 ft) wide and 3.4 m (11 ft) cargo space. The larger versions were not produced in significant quantities due to the financial difficulties of the main operator of the category, the Russian Air Force.
From 2004, some commercial service aircraft were upgraded to the Il-76TD-90VD variant. This includes the adoption of the newly developed PS-90 gine to meet European sound limits.
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In 2005, the People's Republic of China ordered 34 new Il-76MDs and four Il-78 tankers.
The Il-76 was also converted into an air tanker, known as the Il-78, of which approximately 50 aircraft were produced.
The Il-76 version also works as a fire hydrant. Its airframe was initially used as the basis for the Beriev A-50 "Mainstay" AEW & C (Warning and Aerial Control) aircraft. About 25 aircraft were produced.
Another program in this category is found in support flights to Antarctica and weightless exercises for astronauts (similar to the "Vomit Comet" used by NASA).
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Beriev and NPO Almaz also created the A-60 Aerospace Laser Flight Lab, two of which were built, and project details are still classified.
In 2010, it was announced that production of the modern Il-76, the Il-76MD-90A (known as the Il-476 project during the design phase) would begin. The planned new production line will be located at Aviastar's site in Ulyanovsk, Russia, and will be operated in cooperation with Tashkt.
On April 29, 2015, it was reported that the Russian Air Force received the first Il-76MD-90A, built at the Ulyanovsk "Aviastar-SP" plant from the 2012 contract for 39 aircraft.
The Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) received the first serial production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A on April 2, 2019.
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By the end of 2022, 27 aircraft were ordered for delivery by 2028 and 15 were built.
Between 1979 and 1991, the Il-76s of the Soviet Air Force operated 14,700 flights to Afghanistan, transporting 786,200 aircraft and 315,800 tons of cargo. The Il-76 carried 89% of Soviet troops and 74% of airlifted cargo. Since the Afghan insurgents could not shoot down the high-flying Il-76, their strategy was to try to destroy it during takeoff or landing. The Il-76s were frequently hit by Stinger and Strela heat-seeking missiles and artillery fire, but the rigid airframe allowed them to be severely damaged and still operated at a significantly lower rate. Based on experience, most of the Canadian forces deployed to Afghanistan were led by Il-76 civilian aircraft.
On August 3, 1995, an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 piloted by a Russian sailor was shot down by a Taliban-controlled Afghan Air Force fighter in what became known as the Airstan Incident. The crew were imprisoned for almost a year, but later escaped from the prison camp and were able to sneak into their plane, which was still at the airport, and fly out of Afghanistan.
In 2004, the People's Liberation Army (PLAAF) Il-76 Air Force flew a flying mission in Afghanistan, and in 2011, PLAAF Il-76s flew to Libya to evacuate Chinese people. Both missions are reported by the PLAAF to be the first steps in developing long-range delivery capabilities.
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On March 23, 2007, a Transaviaexport Il-76 was shot down by anti-aircraft missiles while taking off from Mogadishu, Somalia. All on board, including crew and four passengers, were killed.
According to a disabled Syrian military pilot, Syrian Il-76s operating as Syrian civilian aircraft were used to transport weapons, money and other goods from Russia and Iran to Syria. Since the beginning of the war in April 2011 (and until July 2012), about 20 military flights have been made to and from Tehran through Iraqi airspace. Additional information reveals that since about 2012, Syrian Il-76s regularly flew to Moscow's Vnukovo Airport to retrieve Syrian banknotes useful to the Bashar al-Assad government in order to evade sanctions.
On June 14, 2014, pro-Russian separatists shot down a Ukrainian Air Force Il-76 plane as it was about to land in Luhansk, killing 40 soldiers and nine crew members.
On January 30, 2017, the Russian IL-76 EMERCOM AGcy bomber was deployed to Chile to assist firefighters. This job takes 39 days.
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All Il-76 transport aircraft serving the RF Space Force receive an anti-missile system. The conversion of the aircraft began in the spring of 2019.
On February 25, 2022, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Ukrainian State Special Communications Agency and US officials claimed that Russian Il-76s were shot down over the town of Bila Cerkva.
On April 4, 2022, two photos of the destroyed Il-76s of the 25th Transport Aviation Brigade of Ukraine were published. Cargo planes were destroyed on the ground by Russian forces at Melitopol airport.
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Appearance Of The Soviet And Russian Heavy Military Transport Aircraft Il 76ll Modification Of The Flying Laboratory Editorial Stock Image
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With reinforced wings (at least three aircraft) used as a test aircraft for prototype flight tests at the Gromov Aviation Research Institute.
The military version stretches with a body length of over 6.6 meters, PS-90A-76 engines, a maximum take-off weight of 210 tons and a lifting capacity of 60 tons. The first flight in 1995 has not yet been built in series.
Updated version with new glass cockpit, avionics upgrade, new carbon fiber wing and Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines. During development, it was also known as the Il-476.
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Firefighting aircraft. The Il-76 water jet is a 1.5-hour VAP-2 water tank conversion. The Il-76 can hold up to 13,000 US gallons (49,000 liters) of water. 3.5 times the capacity of the C-130 Hercules. Since the device can be installed on any Il-76, the Il-76TP design, the Il-76TDP is also used, these Il-76 versions are converted into bombers. The Il-76P was first introduced in the 1990s.
("T" for transport, Транспортный) An unarmed version of a civilian transport. NATO code name "Candid-A". It first flew on November 4, 1978.
Il-76TD Aviadvigatel with PS-90 engines and partially glass cabin. It was developed specifically for the Volga-Dnepr carrier, which will operate five aircraft by 2021.
Civil Transport extended version with Aviadvigel PS-90 machines. This is the civilian version of the Il-76MF (not in production).
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Early warning and diversion of China's domestic air control Il-76, created after the cancellation of the A-50I and still in service with the Chinese Armed Forces.
The China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE) is conducting a test flight of a Russian-made Il-76MD aircraft carrier to serve as a testbed for future gine development programs. The first vehicle tested on the aircraft is the WS-10A "Taihang" turbofan, currently being developed for China's indigenous J-10 and J-11 fighter jets. Il-76MD #76456, purchased by AVIC 1 from Russia in the 1990s, is currently located at CFTE's flight test site in Yanliang, Shaanxi Province.
Iraqi development with a radar installed in the cargo bay, allowing it to serve as an AEW & C used in the Iran-Iraq war.
Iraqi development (in collaboration with Frch) with fiberglass reinforced plastic radar with Thomson-CSF Tiger G surveillance radar antenna
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